中秋桂花香--中秋节演讲稿
演讲稿--祖国在我心中
祖国在我心中演讲稿--祝福您！亲爱的祖国！
师德演讲稿--爱与责任
温家宝总理在英国剑桥大学的英文演讲稿（附中文）
马云 赢在中国
感恩演讲稿:学会感恩，孝敬父母
感恩惜福演讲稿
感恩教师的演讲稿（选）
经典美文赏析：坚强里的脆弱
经典英文文摘：培根《论爱情》(中英对照)
经典英文赏析：最珍贵的话(中英对照)
经典散文赏析：抓住生命中的那颗星
经典英文赏析：名人名言之幸福篇
经典英语散文：我喜欢这种淡淡的感觉
After A Long Winter
one kiss one love
中秋桂花香--中秋节演讲稿
校园里的十棵老桂花树仿佛一夜间繁花满枝，在这天高云淡的清秋里肆意吐露馨香。-- 东风人自己的论坛！
夜闌人静时候，打开窗，任馥郁的香气环绕四周，看天上几颗寂寥的星星。耳边隐约飘过几句歌词：今天晚上的星星很少，不知道它们跑哪儿去了。想来星星定是陶醉于这桂花的香，沉沉睡去了吧。只是看星星的我却被这浓郁花香薰陶的无法入睡。也许是造物主的良苦用心。印象中美艳的花儿多是无味的。而香气袭人的花大多没有动人的姿容。如这一簇簇默默积蓄芳华的桂花，看上去就象邻家长着雀斑的小女孩，平凡中带几分俏皮。想着想着竟然联想到瞎子的听力总是胜于常人，念头一起，深有唐突佳人之感，生生地收回思绪。有风吹过，裹着阵阵凉意，到底已是秋天了。
很想寻觅一个精美的玻璃瓶，采摘最鲜美的桂花，再从记忆深处收拾些零落的往事。让点点花瓣把往事层层渗透。将它们一并永久封存。暗自思量这样的桂花酿该贴上怎样的标签呢？不如就叫----完美的梦吧。1深夜的秋风再次冷漠地拥住我。关上窗，朝卧室走去。或许今夜的梦中，可以寻到一个精美的玻璃瓶。
清早起来，一缕金色的阳光正好射在书桌旁，推开窗，不见一丝云彩，只见到纯净的蓝色，整个天空也仿佛已经是金子铺就而成的了，因为没有云，所以也没有一点瑕疵。此情此景，我情不自禁地感叹：好美！
纵目远眺，这地泉大地竟然是这样的美丽！这里的山山水水，我都是这样的熟悉，我闭起眼睛都能够想象出每一条田间小道。东边的工业园区，高楼林立，花团锦簇围绕的工厂的色彩斑斓的厂房；南边果树园林里，银杏果实累累；苹果和梨子压弯枝条；西边的老山的花木场里，郁郁葱葱，繁花似锦，各种花木在秋天里争奇斗艳；北边是一望无际的金色世界，稻谷成熟了！这满地的黄金，随着山峦连绵起伏。哦，一年的辛苦的农民终于有了收获，不要过几天，我就可以吃到新鲜的香稻米了。秋天不仅仅是馨香的季节，更是收获的季节！
桂香阵阵袭来，我收回了我的目光，又回到我的书房。这里有我的一个小小世界：沉重而有些凌乱的书架，一本本教科书呆在它应该呆的地方；一摞语文教学报刊杂志和文艺报刊，上面都有我的文章和作品；计算机静静地，它陪我在办公室办公，它陪我进课堂，它更多地陪我度过多少个夜晚，遨游在知识的网络里。
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这柔柔的、甜甜的桂花香弥漫了校园，包围了我。我是一个文化大革命以后第一批毕业的大学生，将要步入而立之年才工作的我来到地泉中学工作已经二十多年了。昔日的同窗们，在国内外千帆竟发，万木峥嵘，而我给这浓浓的纯纯乡情完全净化为一个彻头彻尾的地泉山人了，但是我大批的学生带着他们的美丽的梦走出了这里，在外面创出了他们灿烂的一片世界。今年我已经年过半百，现在不也象这秋天一样吗？希望我的生命如同这美丽丰收的秋天一样，充满桂花的馨香。
演讲稿--祖国在我心中
滔滔黄河，滚滚长江，巍巍泰山，莽莽昆仑，这是我的祖国。奥运场上，红旗飘扬，天安门前，军歌嘹亮，这是我的祖国！
祖国在我心中，我在祖国的怀抱里幸福成长。长城岭上,我认识了她的雄伟和磅礴;丝绸道上,我认识了她的悠久和渊博. 我用我的心描绘着祖国妈妈，她飘散的长发是千百条悠然流贯的河川，她峭拔的脊梁是连绵不断的山峰，她明亮的眼睛就是那洞庭的水，西湖的波！
透过历史的眼眸，站在岁月的肩膀上回望。我看到盘古开天辟地，迸发出生命的光芒；四大发明，使古老的中国异彩纷呈。我看到老子孔子，举起圣火照亮几千年的文明；丝绸瓷器远涉重洋，谁都知道这是来自我们的故乡。那狼烟里冲杀出，兵马俑威武的阵容；那雄伟中耸立着，万里长城的刚强！
我们的祖国，历史悠久，我们的祖国，灿烂辉煌！用什么词语可以表达我对祖国的热爱？有位诗人说得好：为什么我的眼中常含泪水？因为我对这土地爱得深沉！
也曾有那圆明园屈辱的烈火，也曾有那东亚病夫耻辱的悲愤，内忧外患，岁月蹉跎，人们在黑夜里苦苦等待。当雄伟的天安门，迎来东升的太阳，一个洪亮的声音庄严宣告：“中华人民共和国成立了！”那排山倒海般的回响，传到世界的每一个角落。苦难的祖国母亲，擦去满眼的泪花，露出内心的喜悦，祖国豪迈地走向了繁荣富强。
在妈祖庙袅袅的香火里，我们听到了《七子之歌》在吟唱，在淡水湾湛蓝的海水中，我们闻到了紫荆花的芬芳；香港澳门终于回到了祖国母亲的怀抱。仰望蓝天，“神州飞船”，太空穿梭；俯瞰大地、三峡工程，旷世神奇。改革的春风温暖神州大地，中华民族实现了伟大的复兴！
我们是祖国的骄子,时代的宠儿.风华正茂的一代啊,怎样用钢筋铁骨支撑起共和国的大厦,怎样迈开走向世界的步伐？同学们,祖国在我心中,我以热爱祖国为荣，让我们努力学习,去创造祖国明天的辉煌！
祖国在我心中演讲稿--祝福您！亲爱的祖国！
金秋十月，国旗招展，举国同庆。今天全国各族人民满怀喜悦，迎来了中华人民共和国54岁生日；大江南北的中华儿女都在尽情高歌，为古老而年轻的祖国深深祝福！
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今年国庆，万象更新，非同寻常。回首春夏之交，正当全国人民意气风发地为实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标而奋斗的时刻，我国遭遇了一场突如其来的非典疫病灾害。面对这场严峻考验，全国人民团结一心，和衷共济，共克时艰，大力弘扬伟大民族精神，坚持一手抓防治非典这件大事不放松，一手抓经济建设这个中心不动摇，夺取了防治非典工作的阶段性重大胜利，保持了经济较快增长的良好势头。经历风雨，又见彩虹。抗击非典的斗争，极大提高了我国人民战胜困难的勇气和能力，增强了中华民族的凝聚力。
伟大祖国，经济发展，政治稳定，社会进步，民族团结，展现新气象，昭示好前景。本世纪头20年，对我国来说，是一个必须紧紧抓住并且可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期。集中力量，全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，是全国人民新世纪新阶段的奋斗目标。实现这个宏伟目标，符合全国各族人民的共同心愿和根本利益。落后就要挨打，财大才能气粗。集中力量全面建设小康社会，使我国形成发达的生产力，这是中国特色社会主义事业兴旺发达的物质基础，是我们在日益激烈的国际竞争中掌握主动的物质基础，也是国家繁荣富强、人民安居乐业和社会长治久安的物质基础。无论在什么情况下，我们都要集中精力，心无旁骛，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，紧紧扭住经济建设这个中心不动摇，不断增强我国的综合国力，奋力开创改革开放和现代化建设新局面。
“三个代表”重要思想是为了人民、代表人民、造福人民的理论。“三个代表”重要思想是新世纪新阶段全党全国人民继往开来、与时俱进，实现全面建设小康社会宏伟目标的根本指针。全面建设小康社会，是学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想的最好实践，也是对学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想成效的最好检验。“三个代表”重要思想的本质是立党为公、执政为民，学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想必须以最广大人民的根本利益为根本出发点和落脚点。能不能落实立党为公、执政为民这个本质，是衡量有没有真正学懂、是不是真心实践“三个代表”重要思想最重要的标志。我们决不能把“三个代表”重要思想庸俗化、随意化、标签化、招牌化，一定要始终牢牢把握立党为公、执政为民这个本质，真正为民谋利，为民造福。
近一年来，以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央，坚持权为民所用，情为民所系，利为民所谋，千方百计扩大再就业，千方百计增加农民收入，出台许多便民利民的措施，做了大量亲民爱民的工作。人民为有这样的党风政风而欢欣，祖国为有这样的党风政风而自豪。新中国成立54年来特别是改革开放20多年来，我国生产力水平有了很大提高，综合国力明显增强，人民生活不断改善，社会主义现代化建设取得巨大成就。但是，越是在形势好的情况下，我们越要清醒地看到，我国仍处在并将长期处在社会主义初级阶段的基本国情，人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾仍然是社会的主要矛盾。我们一定要有紧迫感和使命感，大力转变作风，狠抓求真务实。
中国的进步和发展奔腾向前，浩浩荡荡，势不可挡。我们伟大的祖国已经走过了五千年的历程。在五千年的历史长河中，中国人民以自己的聪明才智和卓越创造，为人类文明作出了不可磨灭的贡献。我们坚信，勤劳勇敢智慧的中国人民，在全面建设小康社会这一前无古人的伟大实践中，一定能够万众一心，奋发图强，勇往直前地朝着宏伟目标阔步迈进，光荣完成时代赋予的崇高使命，把我国早日建设成为富强民主文明的社会主义现代化国家。
师德演讲稿--爱与责任
世上有很多东西，给予他人的同时，自己往往是越来越少，而唯有一样东西却是越给越多。您也许会惊奇地问我：“那是什么呢？”我将毫不迟疑的回答您：“那就是爱！”爱，不是索取，不是等价交换，爱是付出，是自我牺牲。只有在爱的基础上，教师才会投入他的全部力量，才会把他的青春、智慧无怨无悔地献给学生，献给教育事业.
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师爱，是教育力量的源泉，是教育成功的基础，是教师的天职与责任。今年4月，我有幸在人民大会堂聆听了方永刚先进事迹报告会，感受到了这位“平民理论家”对学生的爱，对事业的爱。
2006年11月17日，结肠癌手术6小时后，方永刚从麻醉中醒来，第一句话问的是他的研究生：你的毕业论文准备得怎么样了？
随后几天，方永刚又让妻子把自己的3个研究生叫到病房。没有讲台、没有黑板、没有课桌，方永刚坐在病床上给学生们上课。即使不一会儿就脸色发白，汗珠成串往下掉，他也不肯停下来。
做完第二次化疗，方永刚惦记着自己还有几次课没上完，要回去上课。系领导不同意，方永刚急了：“我肚子有问题，但脑子没问题，嘴没问题！如果离开了讲台，我可能真的会倒下。”说着说着他竟然哭了。在人生磨难面前，他没有掉泪；在伤病痛苦面前，他没有掉泪；在死神威胁面前，他也没有掉泪；但因为上不了心爱的讲台，这个顶天立地的男子汉却留下了两行热泪。他的泪水让我们真正明白了什么是教师的品德。
终于，经过再一、再二、再三的请求，2007年1月15日，在第二次和第三次化疗的间隙，方永刚回到离开了两个多月的教室。看到学生们，方永刚眼里闪烁出欣慰和满足，那眼神似乎是说：同学们，我终于又见到你们了！
这堂课，方永刚讲的是《新世纪新阶段我军历史使命》。
整整军装，开场白只有一句话：只要我还能站着，就要为大家讲课，这是我的使命。
同学们强忍泪水，他们知道，此时此刻，他们的老师恐怕连站着都是一种抗争，一种与生命的抗争。
好像这只是一堂普通的政治课，是方永刚无数次授课中最普通的一堂课，依旧是铿锵有力的声音，依旧是幽默风趣的语言，依旧是充满理性的思辩，依旧是入情入理的分析，只是一条白毛巾被他频繁地拿起又放下，手术后的引流管被他掖在了军装里面……
学生们震惊了，这是一个癌症晚期的患者吗？这是一个即将接受第三次化疗的病人吗？
两个小时的大课结束了。任何华丽的乐章也比不过这样一堂课更能触动心灵，任何精彩的语言也会显得苍白无力，同学们用雷鸣般的掌声和充满敬意的目光向方老师敬礼！
什么是使命？共产党员的使命是崇高的，军人的使命是伟大的，教师的使命是神圣的，不用多说什么，不用多做什么，方永刚，一名共产党员、军人、教师，在癌症晚期的时候往讲台上一站，就是对使命的最好诠释。
勤勤恳恳、默默无闻”这是老黄牛的精神；“采得百花成蜜后，为谁辛苦为谁甜”这是蜜蜂的精神；“燃烧自己，照亮别人”是蜡烛的精神。可以说每种产物的存在，都有一种精神支撑着它。教师的存在呢？支撑它的就应该是这种高尚的师德吧！
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报告会上，我和同事们听得很认真，记得很仔细，不时的被方永刚的事迹感动得热泪盈眶。走上三尺讲台，我们教书育人；走下三尺讲台，我们为人师表。师德，不是简单的说教，而是一种精神体现，一种深厚的知识内涵和文化品味的体现。让我们一起建设爱岗敬业、爱生如子的首医家园，用我们的爱与责任撑起教育的蓝天。
像珍惜爱情一样珍惜你的现在
说起来很讽刺。当我最终定下来写有关珍惜的讲稿时，想上网搜几个有关珍惜的名言警句，于是我打开百度网页，再搜索栏里输入“珍惜”，空格，“名言警句”，然后摁了回车。一个让我有些尴尬又哭笑不得的事情发生了。我看到，在蹦出来的十个词条里边，有七八个在“珍惜”两个字的后面，紧跟着的是“小学生演讲稿”。看来，我打算要在大学课堂里当作重点来讲的东西是人家小学生早就知道的。
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是啊，对于珍惜，或许在我们很小的时候就已经知道了，甚至已经懂得了它的涵义以及如何才能做到珍惜。然而，知道就等于自己都做到了吗？事实并非如此，所以我最终还是选择了这个看起来似乎有些幼稚的话题，因为有时候不是大家不知道珍惜，而往往是在拥有的时候忘记了要珍惜。我想，或许现在我们都需要被“珍惜”这两个字来提醒。
不知道大家还记不记得这样一则新闻：一架飞外阿拉斯加的飞机因为机械故障，造成机毁人亡，坠入了太平洋。当时看到这则新闻的时候，让我印象最深的是报道说，在那些遇难者中，有一对要去阿拉斯加度蜜月的新婚夫妇。我几乎可以想象得到在飞机失事前，那对新婚夫妇脸上洋溢的喜悦和甜蜜。或许他们还在规划着飞机着陆后，将去哪里就餐，或许直接奔往早已定好的酒店入住，再或许一起欣赏向往已久的极地风光。可是人的生命是那么脆弱，他们甚至来不及好好地享受已经拥有的幸福。
那些无辜的人们一瞬间就丧失了生命，看着死难者家属无助又痛苦的电视画面，我的心情复杂极了。对于那对年轻的夫妇来说，不幸的，是小夫妻俩没能来得及享受蜜月期间的快乐，而所幸的是，他们已经彼此找到了对方，并以对方为伴。最起码他们在生命的最后一段时光中是幸福的，因为他们身边有相爱的人陪伴，他们珍惜了自己的爱情。我甚至可以想象，在他们知道自己就要离开人世之前，浮现在他们脸上的是那早已把恐惧驱散的没了踪影的幸福笑容。
同学们，再想想我们吧，看到这些难道就没有触动？瑞士伟大的民主主义教育家——裴斯太罗奇说过，今天的事没有做，明天再早也是耽误了。是啊，为什么我们要等到失去或已无法挽回的时候才追悔莫及。这一刻的我们不会知道下一刻会有怎样的变化，甚至不知道现在拥有的一切是否突然就会溜走，所以我们必须像珍惜爱情一样珍惜现在。
记得前段时间我一个同学的QQ签名上写着：“把每天当成是末日来相爱。”我不确定现在的她是不是还这么想，是否正在这样做，但至少在她写下这句话的时候，我想，她是深深地懂得了珍惜。
同学们，爱情需要珍惜，那我们现在就拥有着的学习充实自己的机会呢？ 也许你没有过人的才智，但请别相信自己的努力会不如别人；也许你的努力还没被人们发现或认可，但请勇敢地伸出你的双手，为自己鼓掌，也为自己喝彩；也许人生的路途很艰难，又布满荆刺，但请昂首挺胸，信心十足地走下去。因为这所有的一切只因有你还在珍惜着自己。
(www.youtheme.cn欢迎您投稿)
糊涂人的一生枯燥无味，躁动不安，却将全部希望寄托于来世。难道我们也要这样糊涂下去吗？？或许你现在已经拥有爱情，并懂得如何去珍惜它；或许你还没有拥有爱情，但你却早已绘好了一副珍惜它的蓝图，那么，像珍惜我们现实或理想中的爱情一样珍惜现在的一切吧！！！
谢谢大家！
温家宝总理在英国剑桥大学的英文演讲稿（附中文）
The following is the full text of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's speech at the University of Cambridge on Monday.
See China in the Light of Her Development
Speech at the University of Cambridge
Wen Jiabao
Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
2 February 2009
Vice Chancellor Alison Richard, Ladies and Gentlemen,
It gives me great pleasure to come to Cambridge, a world-renowned university that I have long wanted to visit. Cambridge has produced many great scientists and thinkers Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin and Francis Bacon, to name but a few, and made important contribution to the progress of human civilization. This year marks the 800th anniversary of the university. Please accept my warm congratulations.
This is my fourth visit to your country. Despite the great distance between China and Britain, the friendly exchanges between our peoples have been on the rise. The successful resolution of the question of Hong Kong and fruitful cooperation between our two countries in areas such as economy, trade, culture, education, science and technology have cemented the foundation of our comprehensive strategic partnership. Here, I wish to pay high tribute to all those who have been working tirelessly to promote friendly ties between our two countries.
The title of my speech today is "See China in the Light of Her Development".
My beloved motherland is a country both old and young.
She is old, because she is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousand years. With diligence and wisdom, the Chinese nation created a splendid civilization and made significant contributions to the progress of humanity.
She is young, because the People's Republic is just 60 years old, and the country began reform and opening-up only 30 years ago. The Chinese people established the New China after unremitting struggles and ultimately found a development path suited to China's national conditions through painstaking efforts. This is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Following this path, our ancient civilization has been rejuvenated.
The key element of China's reform and opening-up is to free people's mind and the most fundamental and significant component is institutional innovation. Through economic reform, we have built a socialist market economy, where the market plays a primary role in allocating resources under government macro-regulation. We have carried out political reform, promoted democracy and improved the legal system. People are the masters of the country. We run the country according to law and endeavor to build a socialist country under the rule of law.
The essence of China's reform and opening-up is to put people first and meet their ever growing material and cultural needs through releasing and developing productive forces. It aims to give everyone equal opportunities for all-round development. It aims to protect the democratic rights of the people and promote stability, harmony and prosperity across the land. And it aims to safeguard the dignity and freedom of everyone so that he or she may pursue happiness with ingenuity and hard work.
Over the past three decades, more than 200 million Chinese have been lifted out of poverty, the average life expectancy has increased by 5 years, and the 83 million people with disabilities in China have received special care from the government and the society. All this points to the tremendous efforts China has made to protect human rights. We have introduced free nine-year compulsory education throughout the country, established the cooperative medical system in the rural areas and improved the social safety net. The age-old dream of the Chinese nation is being turned into reality a dream to see the young educated, the sick treated and the old cared for.
I want to quote from a Tang Dynasty poem to describe what is happening in China, "From shore to shore it is wide at high tide, and before fair wind a sail is lifting." The Chinese people are working hard to modernize their country. This is a great practice in a large developing country both ancient and new. The Chinese people, with destiny in their own hands, are full of confidence in their future.
My beloved motherland is a country that stood numerous vicissitudes but never gave up.
Earlier in my career, I worked in northwest China for many years. There, in the boundless desert, grows a rare variety of tree called euphrates poplar. Rooted over 50 meters down the ground, they thrive in hostile environments, defying droughts, sandstorms and salinization. They are known as the "hero tree", because a euphrates poplar can live for a thousand years. Even after it dies, it stands upright for a thousand years, and even after it falls, it stays intact for another thousand years. I like euphrates poplar because they symbolize the resilience of the Chinese nation.
Over the millennia, the Chinese nation has weathered numerous disasters, both natural and man-made, surmounted all kinds of difficulties and challenges, and made her way to where she proudly stands today. The long sufferings have only made her a nation of fortitude and perseverance. The experience of the Chinese nation attests to a truth: what a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.
I am reminded of the experience that I had in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province after the devastating earthquake there last May. That earthquake shocked the whole world. It flattened Beichuan Middle School and claimed many young lives. But only 10 days after the earthquake, when I went there for the second time, I had before my eyes new classrooms built on debris by local villagers with planks. Once again, the campus echoed with the sound of students reading aloud. I wrote down 4 Chinese characters on the blackboard, meaning "A country will emerge stronger from adversities." I have been to Wenchuan seven times since the earthquake and witnessed countless touching scenes like this. I am deeply moved by the unyielding spirit of my people. This great national spirit is the source of strength which has enabled the Chinese nation to emerge from all the hardships stronger than before.
With hard work over the past half century and more, China has achieved great progress. Its total economic output is now one of the largest in the world. However, we remain a developing country and we are keenly aware of the big gap that we have with the developed countries. There has been no fundamental change in our basic national condition: a big population, weak economic foundation and uneven development. China's per capita GDP ranks behind 100 countries in the world and is only about 1/18 that of Britain. Those of you who have been to China as tourists must have seen the modern cities, but our rural areas are still quite backward.
To basically achieve modernization by the middle of this century, we must accomplish three major tasks: first, achieve industrialization, which Europe has long completed, while keeping abreast of the latest trends of the scientific and technological revolution; second, promote economic growth while ensuring social equity and justice; and third, pursue sustainable development at home while accepting our share of international responsibilities. The journey ahead will be long and arduous, but no amount of difficulty will stop the Chinese people from marching forward. Through persistent efforts, we will reach our goal.
My beloved motherland is a country that values her traditions while opening her arms to the outside world.
The traditional Chinese culture is rich, extensive and profound. Harmony, the supreme value cherished in ancient China, lies at the heart of the Chinese culture. The Book of History, an ancient classic in China for example, advocates amity among people and friendly exchanges among nations.
The Chinese cultural tradition values peace as the most precious. This has nurtured the broad mind of the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation is generous and tolerant, just as Mother Earth cares for all living things. She is in constant pursuit of justice, just as the eternal movement of the Universe.
In the 15th century, the famous Chinese navigator Zheng He led seven maritime expeditions to the Western Seas and reached over 30countries. He took with him Chinese tea, silk and porcelain and helped local people fight pirates as he sailed along. He was truly a messenger of love and friendship.
The argument that a big power is bound to seek hegemony does not apply to China. Seeking hegemony goes against China's cultural tradition as well as the will of the Chinese people. China's development harms no one and threatens no one. We shall be a peace-loving country, a country that is eager to learn from and cooperate with others. We are committed to building a harmonious world.
Different countries and nations need to respect, tolerate and learn from each other's culture. Today, 300 million Chinese are learning English and over one million of our young people are studying abroad. The cultures and arts of various parts of the world are featured daily on China's television, radio and print media. Had we not learned from others through exchanges and enriched ourselves by drawing on others' experience, we would not have enjoyed today's prosperity and progress.
In the 21st century, economic globalization and the information network have linked us all together. Different cultures live together and influence each other. No culture can flourish in isolation. How much a country or a nation contributes to the culture of humanity is increasingly determined by her ability to absorb foreign cultures and renew herself. That is why China will remain open and receptive, value her own traditions while drawing on others' successful experience, and achieve economic prosperity and social progress in a civilized and harmonious way.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I stress the importance of seeing China in the light of her development, because the world is changing and China is changing. China is no longer the closed and backward society it was 100 years ago, or the poor and ossified society 30 years ago. Thanks to reform and opening-up, China has taken on a new look. What the Beijing Olympic Games showcased is a colorful China, both ancient and modern. I therefore encourage you to visit China more often and see more places there. This way, you will better understand what the Chinese people are thinking and doing, and what they are interested in. You will get to know the true China, a country constantly developing and changing. You will also better appreciate how China has been tackling the ongoing global financial crisis.
This unprecedented financial crisis has inflicted a severe impact on both China and Britain as well as other European countries. The crisis has not yet hit the bottom, and it is hard to predict what further damage it may cause. To work together and tide over the difficulties has become our top priority.
I believe that closer cooperation is needed to meet the global crisis, and the level of cooperation hinges upon the level of mutual trust. The Chinese Government maintains that countries should: first and foremost, run their own affairs well and refrain from shifting troubles onto others; second, carry out cooperation with full sincerity and avoid pursuing one's own interests at the expense of others; and third, address both the symptoms and the root cause of the problem. A palliative approach will not work. We should not treat only the head when the head aches, and the foot when the foot hurts. As I reiterated at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, necessary reform of the international monetary and financial systems should be carried out to establish a new international financial order that is fair, equitable, inclusive and well-managed. We should create an institutional environment conducive to global economic growth.
Let me talk briefly about how China has been responding to the crisis.
The fallout of the financial crisis on China's real economy is becoming more evident. Since the third quarter of last year, our exports have declined sharply, economic growth has slowed down, and the pressure on employment has been rising. In the face of the grim situation, we have acted decisively. We have made timely adjustment to the direction of our macroeconomic policy, promptly introduced ten measures to expand domestic demand, and formulated a series of related policies. Together, they make up a systematic and comprehensive package plan aimed at promoting steady and relatively fast economic growth. Its main contents are:
First, substantially increase government spending to boost domestic demand. The Chinese Government has announced a two-year investment program that will generate, through fiscal spending, a total investment of RMB 4 trillion nationwide, equivalent to 16% of China's GDP in 2007. The money will mainly go into government-subsidized housing, projects related to the well-being of rural residents, the construction of railway and other infrastructural projects, social development programs, environmental protection and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction. The Chinese Government has introduced a massive tax-cut program, which will reduce the tax burdens on businesses and individuals by about RMB 500 billion each year. We have also cut interest rates by a large margin, increased liquidity in the banking system and adopted a range of financial measures.
Second, implement a large-scale industrial restructuring and rejuvenation program. We are pushing forward industrial restructuring and upgrading across the board and formulating plans for the restructuring and revitalization of ten key industries, including automobiles and iron and steel. We will take economic and technological measures to boost energy conservation and reduce emissions, and promote merger and reorganization of enterprises to raise the level of industry concentration and the efficiency of resource allocation. We encourage and support the extensive application of new technologies, techniques, equipment and materials and the development of marketable products by enterprises.
Third, make energetic efforts for progress and innovation in science and technology. Science and technology are of fundamental importance in overcoming the financial crisis. A major crisis is usually followed by a revolution in science and technology, and no economic recovery is possible without technological innovation. We are stepping up the implementation of the National Program for Medium- and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development, with special emphasis on 16 major projects including core electronic devices, development and use of nuclear energy and advanced numerically controlled machine tools. We will strive to make breakthroughs in a host of core technologies and key generic technologies to support sustainable economic growth at a higher level. We will promote the development of high-tech industrial clusters and cultivate new economic growth areas. All in all, we will rely on major breakthroughs in science and technology to foster new social demand and bring about a new round of economic boom.
Fourth, significantly raise the level of social security. We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and upgrade the standard of unemployment insurance and workers' compensation. We will raise the level of basic cost of living allowances in both urban and rural areas and welfare allowances for those rural residents without family support. We are advancing the reform of the medical and health system and working to put in place a nationwide basic medical and health system covering both urban and rural areas within three years and achieve the goal of everyone having access to basic medical and health service. We give priority to education and are now working on the Guidelines of the National Program for Medium- and Long-Term Educational Reform and Development. We are following a more active employment policy with special emphasis on helping college graduates and migrant workers find jobs. We are endeavoring to create more jobs and lessen the impact of the financial crisis on employment. The aforementioned measures will help us boost domestic demand, readjust and reinvigorate industries, enhance the support of science and technology and strengthen social security all at the same time. They will stimulate consumption through increased investment, drive economic growth while improving people's livelihood and creating more jobs, and see us through current difficulties while also improving the long-term prospect of the Chinese economy. They will not only benefit China's development, but also bring enormous business opportunities to other countries, Britain included.
This once-in-a-century financial crisis is truly thought-provoking. It reminds us of the need to have serious reflections on the existing economic systems and theories.
For many years in the past, China practiced a highly centralized planned economy and regarded planning as being absolute. This hampered the development of productivity. The ongoing financial crisis has made it clear to us, however, that the market is not a cure-all, either. A totally laissez-faire approach will inevitably lead to economic disorder and unfair social distribution, and will eventually take its toll. A credible market-oriented reform should never set the market against government macro-regulation. The invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of government and social supervision should both act, and act vigorously. Only in this way can resources be distributed according to market rules and distributed in a reasonable, coordinated, balanced and sustainable manner.
The international financial crisis once again shows how dangerous a market economy without regulation can be. Since the 1990s, some profit-driven financial institutions in economies lacking effective regulation have raised massive capital with a leverage of dozens of times. While they reaped huge profits, the world was exposed to enormous risks. This fully demonstrates that a totally unregulated market economy cannot work. We must strike a balance between financial innovation and regulation, between the financial sector and real economy, and between savings and consumption.
To effectively meet the crisis, we must fully recognize the role of morality. Nothing is greater than morality. It shines even more brightly than the sun. True economic theories will never come into conflict with the highest moral and ethical standards. Instead, they should stand for justice and integrity, and contribute in an equal way to the well-being of all people, including the most vulnerable ones. Adam Smith, known as the father of modern economics, held the view in The Theory of Moral Sentiments that if the fruits of a society's economic development cannot be shared by all, it is morally unsound and risky, as it is bound to jeopardize social stability. The loss of morality is an underlying cause for the current crisis. Some people have sacrificed principle and sought profits at the expense of public interests. They have crossed the moral baseline. We should call on all enterprises to take up their social responsibilities. Within the body of every businessman should flow the blood of morality.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Britain is the last leg of my European trip. I have gained a deeper understanding of Europe through this visit. China-EU cooperation is now standing at a new historical starting point and I am all the more confident about the China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership. There are no outstanding issues left over from history or conflict of fundamental interests between the two sides. What we have is a solid foundation and a bright future for cooperation. As the first industrialized country, Britain has accumulated rich experience in economic development and environmental protection. We hope to learn from your experience and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with you.
The future belongs to the younger generation. It is incumbent upon you to build an even more splendid future of China-Britain relations. Here and now, I cannot but mention Dr. Joseph Needham, a Cambridge alumnus who made important contribution to cultural exchanges between China and Britain. With his monumental masterpiece, Science and Civilization in China, he built a bridge between the two great civilizations of East and West. To honor tradition and innovation is the outstanding character of Cambridge. I hope more of you will turn your eyes to China, see my country in the light of her development, and act as ambassadors of China-Britain friendship. I believe that as long as you, the young people of China and Britain learn from each other and strive for progress hand in hand, you will add a brilliant new chapter to the annals of our relations.
Thank you!
国务院总理温家宝２日在英国剑桥大学具有５００年历史的“瑞德讲坛”发表了题为《用发展的眼光看中国》的演讲。全文如下：
用发展的眼光看中国 ━━在剑桥大学的演讲
中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝
尊敬的理查德校长，
女士们，先生们：
来到向往已久的剑桥大学，非常高兴。剑桥举世闻名，培养出牛顿、达尔文、培根等许多杰出的科学家、思想家，为人类文明进步作出了重要贡献。今年是剑桥建校８００周年，我谨致以热烈祝贺！
这是我第四次访问英国。中英相距遥远，但两国人民的友好交往不断增多。香港问题的圆满解决，经贸、文教、科技等领域的有效合作，为发展中英全面战略伙伴关系奠定了坚实基础。在此，我向长期致力于中英友好的朋友们表示崇高的敬意！
今天，我演讲的题目是：用发展的眼光看中国。
我深深爱着的祖国——古老而又年轻。
说她古老，她是一个有着数千年文明史的东方大国。中华民族以自己的勤劳和智慧，创造了灿烂的古代文明，对人类发展作出过重大贡献。
说她年轻，新中国成立才６０年，改革开放才３０年。中国人民经过长期不懈的斗争建立了新中国，又经过艰苦的探索，终于找到了适合国情的发展道路——中国特色社会主义道路，文明古国焕发了青春活力。
中国改革开放，最重要的是解放思想，最根本、最具有长远意义的是体制创新。我们推进经济体制改革，建立了社会主义市场经济体制。在政府的宏观调控下，充分发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用。我们深化政治体制改革，把发展民主和完善法制结合起来，实行人民当家作主，依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。
改革开放的实质，就是坚持以人为本，通过解放和发展生产力满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求，在公正的条件下促进人的全面发展；就是保障人民的民主权利，让国家政通人和、兴旺发达；就是维护人的尊严和自由，让每个人的智慧和力量得以迸发，成功地追求自己的幸福生活。
３０年来，中国贫困人口减少了２亿多，人均寿命提高了５岁，８３００万残疾人得到政府和社会的特殊关爱，这是中国保障人权的光辉业绩。九年免费义务教育的推行，农村合作医疗制度的建立，社会保障体系的完善，使学有所教、病有所医、老有所养的理想，正在变为现实。
我愿借用两句唐诗形容中国的现状：“潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。”中国人正在努力实现现代化，这是一个古而又新的发展中大国进行的一场伟大实践。掌握了自己命运的中国人民，对未来充满信心！
我深深爱着的祖国——历经磨难而又自强不息。
我年轻时曾长期工作在中国的西北地区。在那浩瀚的沙漠中，生长着一种稀有的树种，叫胡杨。它扎根地下５０多米，抗干旱、斗风沙、耐盐碱，生命力极其顽强。它“生而一千年不死，死而一千年不倒，倒而一千年不朽”，世人称为英雄树。我非常喜欢胡杨，它是中华民族坚韧不拔精神的象征。
千百年来，中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸，渡过了急流险滩，昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难，铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证明了一个真理：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。
此时此刻，我不禁想起在汶川地震灾区的亲身经历。去年５月，四川汶川发生震惊世界的特大地震，北川中学被夷为平地，孩子伤亡惨重。可是，时隔１０天，当我第二次来到这里时，乡亲们已在废墟上搭起了板房教室，校园里又回荡着孩子们朗朗的读书声。当时我在黑板上，给同学们写下了“多难兴邦”几个字。地震发生以来，我７次到汶川灾区，碰到这样感人的事迹不胜枚举。我为我们中华民族这种愈挫愈奋的精神深深感动。这种伟大的精神，正是我们的民族饱经忧患而愈益坚强、生生不息的力量源泉。
经过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗，中国有了比较大的发展，经济总量跃居世界前列，但我们仍然是一个发展中国家，同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均ＧＤＰ水平，排在世界１００位之后，仅为英国的１／１６左右。到过中国旅游的朋友，你们所看到的城市是现代的，而我们的农村还比较落后。
到本世纪中叶，中国要基本实现现代化，面临三大历史任务：既要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化，又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮；既要不断提高经济发展水平，又要实现社会公平正义；既要实现国内的可持续发展，又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平，还有很长很长的路要走，还会遇到许多艰难险阻。但是，任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐，只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗，中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。
我深深爱着的祖国——珍视传统而又开放兼容。
中华传统文化底蕴深厚、博大精深。“和”在中国古代历史上被奉为最高价值，是中华文化的精髓。中国古老的经典——《尚书》就提出“百姓昭明，协和万邦”的理想，主张人民和睦相处，国家友好往来。
“和为贵”的文化传统，哺育了中华民族宽广博大的胸怀。我们的民族，既能像大地承载万物一样，宽厚包容；又能像苍天刚健运行一样，彰显正义。
１５世纪，中国著名航海家郑和七下西洋，到过三十几个国家。他带去了中国的茶叶、丝绸、瓷器，还帮助沿途有的国家剿灭海盗，真正做到了播仁爱于友邦。
国强必霸，不适合中国。称霸，既有悖于我们的文化传统，也违背中国人民意志。中国的发展不损害任何人，也不威胁任何人。中国要做和平的大国、学习的大国、合作的大国，致力于建设一个和谐的世界。
不同国家、不同民族的文化，需要相互尊重、相互包容和相互学习。今天的中国，有３亿人在学英语(Q吧)，有１００多万青年人在国外留学。我们的电视、广播、出版等新闻传媒，天天都在介绍世界各地的文化艺术。正因为我们善于在交流中学习，在借鉴中收获，才有今天中国的繁荣和进步。
进入２１世纪，经济全球化、信息网络化，已经把世界连成一体，文化的发展将不再是各自封闭的，而是在相互影响中多元共存。一个国家、一个民族对人类文化贡献的大小，越来越取决于她吸收外来文化的能力和自我更新的能力。中国将永远坚持开放兼容的方针，既珍视传统，又博采众长，用文明的方式、和谐的方式实现经济繁荣和社会进步。
女士们，先生们！
我之所以强调用发展的眼光看中国，就是因为世界在变，中国也在变。如今的中国，早已不是一百年前封闭落后的旧中国，也不是３０年前贫穷僵化的中国。经过改革开放，中国的面貌已焕然一新。北京奥运会向世界展示的，就是这样一个古老、多彩和现代的中国。我希望朋友们，多到中国走一走、看一看，了解今天的中国人究竟在想什么、做什么、关心什么。这样，有助于你们认识一个真实的、不断发展变化着的中国，也有助于你们了解中国是如何应对当前这场全球性金融危机的。
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